Lymphatic System:
Cancer more often spreads into the lymphatic system then it starts in the lymphatic system. When it gets into the lymphatic system, it's called lymphoma. 95% of lymphoma is called Hodgkin lymphoma. Some effects of this are
· itchy skin
· fatigue
· less appetite
· shortness of breath
· cough
· chest discomfort
· wheezing
Cancer cells can get themselves to other parts of the body through the lymphatic vessels. The lymph nodes usually kill all the cancer cells but if only 1 or 2 cells find a place to be, they will thrive and create a tumor. This tumor will affect all the lymph nodes close to it. This will create the lymph node to swell up to try to get rid of the cancer cells that may be in it. When this tumor is removed, they will also remove all the lymph nodes close to it. The effects of the biopsy is that your lymph fluids will not drain properly
· itchy skin
· fatigue
· less appetite
· shortness of breath
· cough
· chest discomfort
· wheezing
Cancer cells can get themselves to other parts of the body through the lymphatic vessels. The lymph nodes usually kill all the cancer cells but if only 1 or 2 cells find a place to be, they will thrive and create a tumor. This tumor will affect all the lymph nodes close to it. This will create the lymph node to swell up to try to get rid of the cancer cells that may be in it. When this tumor is removed, they will also remove all the lymph nodes close to it. The effects of the biopsy is that your lymph fluids will not drain properly
Digestion System
Gastro-Intestinal cancer is the most common form of cancer and effects the digestion system. These types include stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer, liver cancer, colon cancer and many others. They can affect your digestive system by having diarrhea, loss of weight, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, constipation. Treatments for those cancer can be chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation. Radiation can create stomach ulcers, bloating or gas, indigestion, and diarrhea. Chemo can cause much of the same things along with mouth sores, nausea and constipation.
Nervous System:
Cancer that starts or spreads to the brain can affect the brain or spinal cord. A tumor in another part of the body can press on a peripheral and cause symptoms like general weakness, numbness (tingling or burning in hands and feet), constipation and incontinence.
Symptoms that lead to cancer in CNS are decreased memory, problem solving, thought process changes.
Problems with balance, dizziness, nausea, and felling like room is spinning(vertigo).
Coordination problems
Seizures
Cancer in PNS symptoms:
General weakness (problems with walking and holding things)
Numbness, tingling or burning in the hands or feet
Constipation
Incontinence, not being able to control the flow of urine
Erection problems. Unable to get or maintain one
Symptoms that lead to cancer in CNS are decreased memory, problem solving, thought process changes.
Problems with balance, dizziness, nausea, and felling like room is spinning(vertigo).
Coordination problems
Seizures
Cancer in PNS symptoms:
General weakness (problems with walking and holding things)
Numbness, tingling or burning in the hands or feet
Constipation
Incontinence, not being able to control the flow of urine
Erection problems. Unable to get or maintain one
REspiratory system
The main symptoms of lung cancer are:
- a persistent new cough or a change in an ongoing cough
- breathlessness
- chest and/or shoulder pain
- repeated bouts of pneumonia or bronchitis
- coughing or spitting up blood.
circulatory system
Some types of cancer drugs can lower the number of white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets in your blood for some time. Drugs that can cause this include some chemotherapy drugs and some targeted cancer drugs.
Developing blood cells multiply all the time as they mature in the bone marrow and are then released into the blood. Some cancer drugs can slow the production of blood cells by the bone marrow, so they are not released as quickly into the blood. Then the number of circulating blood cells goes down.
Low level of white blood cells
The level of white cell counts goes down first because many white cells naturally die off within a few days. Usually, these get replaced by new white blood cells, but cancer drugs may kill some of the developing cells. It usually takes a week or 2 for the bone marrow to make more cells and release them back into the blood.
Low level of red blood cells
Mature red blood cells live for about 3 months, so there are fewer multiplying at any one time. So, you often don't get low in red cells (anemic) until further into your cancer treatment. If your red blood cell level gets very low, you may need to have a blood transfusion.
Low level of platelets
The platelet level may also drop. If it does, you may get nose bleeds, or notice a red rash on your skin like tiny bruises. You may then need to have a platelet transfusion. After high dose chemotherapy, it can take longer for the platelet count to get back to normal than any other blood cell count.
Blood circulation and cancer spread
The blood always circulates through the body in the same direction. It carries oxygen, carbon dioxide and many other substances. As the blood circulates through the digestive system, it picks up digested food products and carries them to the liver, where it gets stored or used.
The circulation can help to explain how some cancers spread to parts of the body. For example, cancers of the colon (large bowel) often spread to the liver. This is because blood circulates from the bowel through the liver on its way back to the heart. So, if some cancer cells escape into the circulation, they may stick in the liver as the blood passes through. They can then begin to grow into secondary cancers.
Developing blood cells multiply all the time as they mature in the bone marrow and are then released into the blood. Some cancer drugs can slow the production of blood cells by the bone marrow, so they are not released as quickly into the blood. Then the number of circulating blood cells goes down.
Low level of white blood cells
The level of white cell counts goes down first because many white cells naturally die off within a few days. Usually, these get replaced by new white blood cells, but cancer drugs may kill some of the developing cells. It usually takes a week or 2 for the bone marrow to make more cells and release them back into the blood.
Low level of red blood cells
Mature red blood cells live for about 3 months, so there are fewer multiplying at any one time. So, you often don't get low in red cells (anemic) until further into your cancer treatment. If your red blood cell level gets very low, you may need to have a blood transfusion.
Low level of platelets
The platelet level may also drop. If it does, you may get nose bleeds, or notice a red rash on your skin like tiny bruises. You may then need to have a platelet transfusion. After high dose chemotherapy, it can take longer for the platelet count to get back to normal than any other blood cell count.
Blood circulation and cancer spread
The blood always circulates through the body in the same direction. It carries oxygen, carbon dioxide and many other substances. As the blood circulates through the digestive system, it picks up digested food products and carries them to the liver, where it gets stored or used.
The circulation can help to explain how some cancers spread to parts of the body. For example, cancers of the colon (large bowel) often spread to the liver. This is because blood circulates from the bowel through the liver on its way back to the heart. So, if some cancer cells escape into the circulation, they may stick in the liver as the blood passes through. They can then begin to grow into secondary cancers.
endocrine system
Homeostasis
Homeostasis is “the tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent elements, especially as maintained by physiological processes”. Takes the wrong fixes it and brings it back to the normal (equilibrium). Your body blood consists of 58% white blood cells, some cancer treatments will render the production of theses white blood cells (lymphoma in the bones) your bones, specifically bone marrow is what produces white blood cells, and the white blood cells are what mainly fight diseases Cancer cells do disturb the homeostasis. When the cancer cells actively divide, they require more food and oxygen for that, hence they compete actively with the normal cells for food and oxygen , ultimately making them starve to death. When the tumor grows, it attracts blood vessels towards itself (Angiogenesis). By doing this, they are competing with our normal somatic cells.